Understanding Cholesterol and Its Impact on Heart Health

Cholesterol is a word we often hear in relation to heart health, but what exactly is it, and why is it important? In this blog, we’ll explore what cholesterol is, the different types, how it affects the heart, and what you can do to manage it effectively.

What is Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance found in your blood. While your body needs cholesterol to build healthy cells, too much of it can increase the risk of heart disease. It travels through your bloodstream in proteins called lipoproteins.

Types of Cholesterol

There are two main types of cholesterol:

• Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) – "Bad" Cholesterol:

  High levels of LDL can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, which narrows them and restricts blood flow. This can increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

• High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) – "Good" Cholesterol:

  HDL helps remove LDL from the bloodstream, transporting it back to the liver for removal from the body. Higher levels of HDL are considered protective against heart disease.

How Cholesterol Affects the Heart

When LDL cholesterol builds up on the artery walls, it forms a hard substance called plaque. Over time, this plaque narrows the arteries in a condition called atherosclerosis. This can lead to:

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
• Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)
• Stroke
• Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)

Unchecked cholesterol levels silently damage your heart and blood vessels, often without symptoms until a major cardiac event occurs.

What Causes High Cholesterol?

Several factors can contribute to high cholesterol levels:

• Unhealthy diet (high in saturated and trans fats)
• Lack of physical activity
• Smoking and alcohol consumption
• Being overweight or obese
• Genetic factors (familial hypercholesterolemia)
• Certain health conditions like diabetes or hypothyroidism

How to Keep Cholesterol Under Control

Managing your cholesterol is one of the most important steps in protecting your heart. Here’s how you can do it:

• Eat Heart-Healthy Foods:

  Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats like nuts and olive oil. Avoid fried and processed foods.

• Exercise Regularly:

  Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise (like brisk walking) most days of the week.

• Maintain a Healthy Weight:

  Losing even a small amount of weight can help lower cholesterol levels.

• Quit Smoking & Limit Alcohol:

  Smoking lowers HDL and damages blood vessels. Excess alcohol can raise cholesterol and blood pressure.

• Take Medications if Prescribed:

  In some cases, lifestyle changes alone aren’t enough. Dr. Sanjeev Chaudhary may prescribe cholesterol-lowering medications like statins.

When Should You Get Checked?

Adults over the age of 20 should have their cholesterol levels checked every 4–6 years. If you have risk factors such as a family history of heart disease, diabetes, or high blood pressure, you may need more frequent testing.

Final Thoughts from Dr. Sanjeev Chaudhary

Cholesterol is both your ally and your enemy—it’s essential for your body, but too much of the wrong kind can seriously damage your heart. Regular check-ups, a balanced lifestyle, and timely medical advice can go a long way in preventing heart disease.

If you’re concerned about your cholesterol or heart health, don’t wait. Book an appointment with Dr. Sanjeev Chaudhary and take the first step toward a healthier heart.